Common Name	Latin Name	Light	Soil	Size (m)Size (ft)		Rating
Sassafras	Sassafras albidum		Loam - Sand	18 x 1260 x 40		9
Roots supply oil used in tea, soap and to flavour rootbeer Spicy fragrance is derived from leaves and twigs when they are crushed or broken Suckers may be produced at base Fast-growing Wood is light, soft and weak
American Mountain Ash	Sorbus americana		Clay - Sand	9 x 530 x 16		5
Prefers moist soils Many species of overwintering birds eat bright orange fruit when other sources become scarce Berries can be used to make jelly Remove all trunks but one to maintain 'tree' structure Wood is light, soft & weak
Showy Mountain Ash	Sorbus decora		Clay - Sand	11 x 535 x 16		6
Many species of overwintering birds eat scarlet red fruit when other sources become scarce Remove all trunks but one to maintain 'tree' structure Wood is light, soft & weak Questionable if it is truly native to Southernwestern Ontario
Eastern White Cedar	Thuja occidentalis		Clay - Sand	15 x 449 x 13		8
Used as windbreak or hedge Species contains oldest living tree (1600+ years) in Ontario along the Niagara Escarpment Can grow up to 35m in height
American Basswood	Tilia americana		Sand - Clay	21 x 1570 x 50		8
Also called Lime, Linden or Whitewood tree Frequently has two or more trunks Used as shade and street tree Flowers attract honeybees Produces soft, light wood commonly used for carving
Eastern Hemlock	Tsuga canadensis		Loam - Sand	30 x 2598 x 82		7
Large coniferous tree Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) is a sap-sucking insect which can cause fatal damage Wood is light, hard and low in strength
White Elm	Ulmus americana		Clay - Sand	30 x 2598 x 82		2
Also known as American Elm Elm bark beetles vector Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma novo-ulmi) which is fatal Tree creates a v-like structure Research on resistance can be found here Shade and street tree
Slippery Elm	Ulmus rubra		Clay - Sand	22 x 1270 x 40		2
Also known as Red Elm Elm bark beetles vector Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma novo-ulmi) which is fatal Tree creates a v-like structure with some branches spreading Shallow and widespreading root system
Rock Elm	Ulmus thomasil		Clay - Sand	22 x 1270 x 40		2
Also known as Cork Elm Elm bark beetles vector Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma novo-ulmi) which is fatal Produces cork bark on smaller branches as seen in the bottom left picture Root system is often deep and widespreading
Sweet Viburnum SHRUB	Viburnum lentago		Clay - Loam	6 x 520 x 15		7
Also known as Nannyberry and Sheep berry Often forms a 'shrub' appearance extra trunks are not pruned to leave a single stem Produces small, creamy-white flowers Spreads by sprouting from the roots Wood is hard & heavy
Prickly Ash	Zanthoxylem americanum		Clay	8 x 526 x 16		7
Larval food source for swallowtail butterflies Branches contain thorns Member of the citrus family (Rutaceae) Native Canadians chewed the bark for toothache relief

Sassafras albidum               -               Zanthoxylem americanum

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